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Newsletter Highlight: An Introduction to Vibrio Cholerae - issue 1.
Chemlab Newsletter Jan 2015
Vibrio Cholerae
An Introduction to Vibrio Cholerae

Vibrio cholerae is the highly dreaded pathogen which causes the infamous nightmare, cholera. Luckily, because cholera is usually only transmitted when the poop of an infected person gets mixed with the drinking water or food of someone else, cholera isn't very common in the developed world. But hey, you never know! It happens more than you think. 

Cholera has a long history. It was a major killer in the 19th century, sparking six global pandemics in the 19th century alone; it has killed tens of millions ever since and is still rampant in the developing world. Interestingly enough, the discovery that contaminated water caused the outbreaks (instead of bad air) in 1854 by Dr. John Snow marked the beginning of epidemiology. See, no pain, no gain! 

But this time, the pain is bad. Like, real bad. Characteristic symptoms of cholera include:

Watery
• Watery diarrhea that looks like rice water and smells like fish
• Vomiting of a clear fluid
Dehydration
Severe dehydration

Skin Color
Skin color turning to Grayish-bluish skin

The diarrhea is one of the bacteria's major methods of transmission; when it gets into the waste water system and is sent into the sea, eating foods washed in the contaminated water and shellfish or oysters living in the affected waterway will cause disease. 

Interestingly enough, research has found that sari filtration, an effective and cheap method to prevent the transmission of cholera, is to use a sari or nylon cloth folded four to eight times and using this to filter drinking water. In Bangladesh, this practice was found to reduce rates of cholera by nearly half!

Fortunately, the dose of Vibrio needed to cause disease is relatively high; about 100 million bacteria must typically be ingested to cause cholera in a normal healthy adult.  If your company produces high-risk foods like shellfish or oysters sourced from developing countries such as India, Bangladesh or those in central Africa, please contact Chemlab to sign up for regular Vibrio cholerae testing to help improve public health!

References:
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholera
• www.nhs.uk/conditions/cholera/Pages/Definition.aspx
• http://ocp.hul.harvard.edu/contagion/cholera.html
• http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs107/en/


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Disclaimer: The information contained is educational and does not replace any legal requirements or applicable regulations. It is not intended to constitute consulting or professional advice. Chemlab HK does not warrant that it will be error-free or will meet any particular criteria of performance or quality. Do not quote or refer any information herein without Chemlab HK’s prior written consent.

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